Ethnic Groups and Conflicts

The conflict between whites and blacks is not devoid of social perception, conformity, and social recognition as crucial components. This conflict has been witnessed in countries that have citizens with both white and black origins. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethnic Groups and Conflicts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In many countries, such as the United States of America and South Africa, the conflict between the two ethnic groups has been bad, and in some cases has turned out to be ugly with members engaging violently. The conflicts between members of different ethnic groups have been attributed to social class, politics, and old stereotypes as practiced by most people. The conflicts, sometimes, arise when a group that feels discriminated against in a given political or social field tries to strengthen its position. In the African countries for example, the conflict between whites and blacks are mainly attributed to the fact that whites are known to have colonized most of the nations in the continent. The process of colonization is known to have been characterized by cruel treatment of the African slaves (Turnbull, 1965). On the other hand, the conflicts in the two American continents originate from the fact that the whites are historically known to have been the slave masters of the blacks. As slave masters, the whites subjected blacks to miserable living conditions. The fact that this happened a long time ago is not a reason strong enough to heal the wounds to enable members of the ethnic communities to live in peace. There are people in one group who look down upon those in the other group. It is also important to note here that there are those who have developed a feeling of inferiority. This has, in the end, resulted in conflicts that have prompted them to acquire a given level of social status (Shiraev Levy, 2010). Conformity in Blacks and Whites Conformity refers to a s tate of life in which people are compelled by circumstances around them to change their attitudes, and their general behaviour. This is usually done with the aim of holding onto a given social or group norm. According to Shiaev and Levy (2010), it is a natural human conformity approach for people to develop the need to maintain positive relationships with those around them. This has a final target of ensuring that the majority are accommodated. Under conformity, it is known that people tend to surmount the obstacles that exist, and which block them from living according to the expectations of the society. Advertising Looking for essay on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This enables people to live in good graces with other members of the society who are of different ethnic origin. Judgment is usually employed when there is a feeling that failure to change one’s natural behavior can result in a non-posi tive consequence by the members of the other ethnic community. This explains why, for example, whites tend to practice lifestyles common among the blacks whenever they visit African countries. This involves, among many other aspects, the way their dressing is done. It has also been witnessed in American politics that certain blacks have rallied behind certain white candidates for elective posts to avoid situations that would be interpreted in ethnic terms. When people embrace such behavior, there is a general reduction in the tension that would otherwise build up between the members of the two different ethnic groups (Verkuyten, 2005). Relationship between Social Perception and Social Cognition It can be stated here that social perception is an element that falls under social cognition. Through this element, an individual finds it possible to perceive the manner in which people from other ethnic groups carry out their duties within a given social world. Social cognition refers to â€Å"the way people interpret, remember, and process information about the world and themselves† (Shiraev Levy, 2010, p. 256). Through social perception, it is possible for one to understand how the natural world goes together with socialization, and how each one of them affects the other. On the other hand, social cognition refers to the manner in which the perceived information is gathered, stored, and processed. In order to explain the concept of perception, and enhance a further understanding of cognition, contact hypothesis was formulated. This holds that the negative attitudes that exist between members of any two conflicting groups can be mediated and addressed through contact of the parties in the conflict. In the conflict between blacks and whites, the greatest social perceptions that fuel the conflict between the two ethnic groups on a daily basis are economy, social status, and politics (Verkuyten, 2005). It is generally believed that politics is responsible fo r the many economic challenges blacks face, and this is what has fueled the conflicts between the two groups.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethnic Groups and Conflicts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Addressing the Social Perceptions The application of the contact hypothesis as a valid approach in solving the conflicts between blacks and whites has been barred by some of the social perceptions embraced by the conflicting groups. It is important for governments all over the world to address the problem of economic disparity among members of the two communities, especially the black community. This could be achieved through the government ensuring that all people get access to equal economic opportunities regardless of their race or ethnic origin (Verkuyten, 2005). It is also important for the political system in countries where such conflicts exist to embrace a unifying approach while doing politics. In the U nited States for example, the greatest part of the conflict was fueled by the perception that the whites had put in place political measures that would ensure their supremacy over the blacks. This was sometimes evident when measures suggested to enhance equality among the two groups were opposed with the greatest force (Shiraev Levy, 2010). Finally, it is important for the class system to be addressed to ensure that there is successful integration of all cultures among the members of the two groups. This can be addressed when children from both communities are encouraged to school together. Through this approach the children grow up with a clear understanding that all people are equal regardless of their race or ethnic origin (Verkuyten, 2005). Conclusion For many decades, there has been discord between blacks and whites all over the world. Social perceptions started and propelled by politics have resulted in the hatred that characterizes the relationship between blacks and whites. Social cognition and conformity have been identified as some of the greatest forces that prevent the integration and coming together of the two groups. Much has been achieved in efforts to reduce the conflict between the two ethnic groups that have, in some instances, engaged in very violent confrontations (Horowitz, 2001). However, it will take several decades for the two communities to engage in full cooperation, integration and trust. References Horowitz, D. L. (2001). The Deadly Ethnic Riot. Berkeley: University of California Press.Advertising Looking for essay on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Shiraev, E. B., Levy, D. A. (2010). Cross-cultural psychology: Critical thinking and contemporary applications. Boston: Pearson/Allyn Bacon. Turnbull, C. M. (1965). Wayward Servants: The Two Worlds of the African Pygmies. Garden City, New York: The Natural History Press. Verkuyten, M. (2005). The Social Psychology of Ethnic Identity: European Monographs in Social Psychology. New York: Psychology Press. This essay on Ethnic Groups and Conflicts was written and submitted by user Raiden Keller to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Louis Riel Hero Essay Example

Louis Riel Hero Essay Example Louis Riel Hero Essay Louis Riel Hero Essay Louis Riel: Historical Hero Louis Riel is a well-known figure in Canadian history. Through his acts as a leader, despite his political mistakes, I believe he should be remembered as a Canadian hero. Riel, being well-educated and bilingual, would eventually emerge as a strong advocate for Metis rights in Red River. Riel practiced as a lawyer in Montreal, but returned to his home of Red River in the face of Rupert’s Land being purchased by Canada from the Hudson’s Bay Company (Histori). His home, Red River Colony, was a part of Rupert’s land and many Metis people were afraid of losing control of their homeland. He would rally the French-speaking Metis and the English-speaking half-natives together to protect their interests from the conflicting interests of those in the east. He urged the creation of an army, the institution of a provisional government, and insurance of the defence of Fort Garry, the HBC headquarters (University of Missouri-Kansas City). The Metis people went on to form a committee called the â€Å"National Committee† and named Riel as secretary. William McDougall, the new Lieutenant-Governor of the new jurisdiction, as well as a team of surveyors arrived at Fort Garry to survey the land but were not permitted to enter Red River. On November 2nd, the committee seized Fort Garry with no resistance from the HBC (Stanley). The government postponed the transfer until the planned date of December 1st, and McDougall and his crew headed back to Canada. At this time, Riel was preparing a â€Å"List of Rights† and he invited both English and French speaking citizens to attend the decision making at Fort Garry. The defence of his people, while inviting equal influence and ideas from the people being affected by the decisions at hand, is what I believe to be the first example of Riel’s leadership and heroism. While the List of Rights was being made by Riel and the National Committee of the Metis, John Schultz – who had originally came as a team to survey with McDonald – began to lead a group of Red River Canadians, welcoming the Canadian acquisition of the area. Riel’s provisional government arrested Shultz and other members of his group when it was found out they were plotting to recapture Fort Garry (University of Missouri-Kansas). Of the group arrested, one man named Thomas Scott was included who was an â€Å"Orangeman† that had recently migrated from Ontario that was greatly opposed to the group of Metis people (Histori). Scott was arrested a second time, consistently taunting his captors until the decision was made, and then approved by Riel to have him executed via firing squad. This act enabled the government to turn him into an outlaw, and he fled the settlement in August 1870 (Manitoba Historical Society). It should be noted that Riel himself never carried arms (University of Saskatchewan). The execution of Scott was the single instance of bloodshed influenced by Riel, and despite being the one mistake he should not have made; it was influenced by the mindset of protecting his people and setting an example. A few years later, Riel would be placed inside a mental institution by his Uncle after several examples of a deteriorating mental health condition, including claiming himself a prophet, giving away riches to a blind beggar, crying and shouting in public, and interrupting catholic mass to interrupt the priest (University of Missouri-Kansas). He was discharged in 1876. Riel became an American citizen in 1883, and in June of the following year he would be called upon in favour of returning to Canada. When Riel returned to St. Laurent he began recruiting drafting Metis and Native people from nearby reserves after a plea and petition to Ottawa failed (Stanley). This band of arms did eventually defeat a small force of mounted police sent west by the government. Fighting after this would last all but two months, known as the North-West Rebellion. Following defeat, Riel surrendered to General Middleton and would be taken to court for treason. His lawyers attempted defences of insanity, which Riel rejected, as he believed the defence of the Metis people was his duty (Manitoba Historical Society). Riel was convicted of treason for leading rebellions against Canada, and was sentenced to hanging November 16, 1885 (Rabson). Through Riel’s trials of mental instability and forthcoming battle, he remained strong and dedicated to his people. Returning to the nation that would eventually kill him, Riel showed that his heart rested in Rupert’s Land, and he wanted nothing but to protect his people’s language, religion and culture. For his bravery and unyielding effort over the course of a decade, I believe Louis Riel is a hero to Canadian culture and its history. Historica. Historica Minutes Louis Riel. Web. 25 July 2011. histori. ca/minutes/minute. do? id=10646. Manitoba Historical Society. Louis Riel (1844-1885). 9 Apr. 2011. Web. 25 July 2011. mhs. mb. ca/docs/people/riel_l. shtml. Rabson, Mia. Riel Was a Hero, Not a Traitor. Winnipeg Free Press. 17 Nov. 2010. Web. 25 July 2011. innipegfreepress. com/local/riel-was-a-hero-not-a-traitor-108625299. html. Stanley, George F. G. The Canadian Encyclopedia. Web. 25 July 2011. thecanadianencyclopedia. com/index. cfm? PgNm=TCE. University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law. A Biography of Louis Riel. Web. 25 July 2011. http://law2. umkc. edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/riel/rielbio. html. University of Saskatchewan Library. Louis Riel. Web. 25 July 2011. http://library. usask. ca/northwest/background/riel. htm.

Choose a good topic for me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Choose a good topic for me - Essay Example Graph 2 compares the oil taxes and revenues gained from oil sale from the period of 2009 to 2013. In the period revenues gained from oil sale was an average of $966 billion yearly while average taxation was $1,082 billion every year. Moreover, the revenue received has to cater for oil transportation, exploration and transportation therefore; they can end up making losses under low oil prices. Graph 3 compares the annual taxes earned from each barrel of oil and taxes earned per each barrel in the same period. It is clear that an average oil export revenues for each barrel is $95 while the average taxes per barrel is $116. Thus, taxes impose a great burden on the consumer oil products prices. The country graph illustrates each country breakdown of each barrel of oil in the oil producing countries relative to their taxes. From the results, it is very evident that the greatest beneficiaries are the governments through taxation and if oil products were not heavily taxed, they would cost the consumer just a fraction of their prices. OPEC. (September, 2014). Who get what from imported oil? OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin. Retrieved from

Business Ethics; Multinational Companies and child labour Essay

Business Ethics; Multinational Companies and child labour - Essay Example This change lowers the return to education and raises the opportunity cost of an education, thereby stimulating child labour†. According to the article 32 of The United Nations’ Convention on the Rights of the Child  in 1990, â€Å"the child to be protected from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the childs education, or to be harmful to the childs health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development† (All India council of human rights, n.d.). This report shall look into three core principles; 1)How child labour causes problems to the development of children? 2) Why organizations are keen in encouraging child labour? and 3)Why parents take child labour lightly? The case of Nike and Disney shall be discussed as case studies in conjunction with the child labour issue in this report since these companies have met with severe criticism related to its policies towards child labour in the past. â€Å"Nike has been accused of using child labour in the production of its soccer balls in Pakistan† (NIKE: Nike Shoes and Child Labor in Pakistan, n.d.). â€Å"Disneys best-selling  Cars  toys are being made in a factory in China that uses child labour and forces staff to do three times the amount of overtime allowed by law† (Disney, Mattel and Wal-mart toy-maker accused of child labour, 2013). All India council of human rights, N.d. Child labour laws and initiatives. [Online] Available at: http://www.humanrightscouncil.in/index.php/component/k2/item/124-child-labour-laws-and-initiatives [Accessed 20 January 2014] Brown, D.K., Deardorff, A.V. and Stern, R.M. 2002. The determinants of child labour: Theory And Evidence. [Online] Available at: http://www.fordschool.umich.edu/rsie/workingpapers/Papers476-500/r486.pdf [Accessed 20 January 2014] Disney, Mattel and Wal-mart toy-maker accused of

American Idiot Essay Example for Free

American Idiot Essay The song that I chose to write about is titled American Idiot by Green Day. This song was on Green Day’s album titled American Idiot. This album was originally released in 2004. American Idiot, the song, peaked at number 61 on the Billboard Hot 100. My reason for choosing this song is that it talks about how the media runs society and how people shouldn’t let the media run their lives. The main social issue that is talked about in this song is how the media runs our lives and society. One of the lines in the song is â€Å"Don’t wanna be an American idiot, one nation controlled by the media. † This line refers to how people in America rely heavily on the media for everything. They trust every word that is printed in a newspaper or magazine or said on television without question. People hang on every word that is pumped through the media. I don’t consider this to be a personal problem because it refers to all people being controlled by the media. It is not as if the singer in the song is the only one that the media affects. Media is worldwide ways of letting people know what is going on around them. What Billy Joe Armstrong is saying throughout this song is that people need to realize is that not everything that a person hears is necessarily true and people should not panic just because of what the news says. Green Day is an American rock band that was formed in 1987. the group consists of three members: Billy Joe Armstrong(vocals), Tre` Cool(drums), and Mike Dirnt(bass). In 1988, they signed to Lookout Records and then in 1989 they released their first EP titled 1,000 Hours. However, the band didn’t have much success until it released the album Kerplunk in 1993. After Kerplunk’s success, Green Day proceeded to leave Lookout Records and sign with Reprise Records. In 1994, they released their first major label debut, Dookie. Over the next few years, Green Day would have much success but then decided to take a break in 1996. They returned in 1997. When they returned, they began to work on a new full-length album. This album was entitled Nimrod and was released in October of 1997. This album deviated from their normally pop-punk style of music and gave listeners a variety of music. They didn’t release another album until 2000 when they released Warning which further continued their new sound that they started with Nimrod. After releasing Warning, they were nominated for 8 awards in the California Music Awards. They won all eight awards. The band then continued their success over the next few years. In 2004 the band released American Idiot. And then in 2006 they won the Grammy for record of the year because of the track Boulevard of Broken Dreams which spent 16 weeks at the top of the charts. The lyrics to American Idiot are as follows: â€Å"Dont wanna be an American idiot. Dont want a nation under the new mania. And can you hear the sound of hysteria? The subliminal mindfuck America. Welcome to a new kind of tension. All across the alienation. Everything isnt meant to be okay. Television dreams of tomorrow. Were not the ones whore meant to follow. For thats enough to argue. Well maybe Im the faggot America. Im not a part of a redneck agenda. Now everybody do the propaganda. And sing along in the age of paranoia. Welcome to a new kind of tension. All across the alienation. Everything isnt meant to be okay. Television dreams of tomorrow. Were not the ones whore meant to follow. For thats enough to argue. Dont wanna be an American idiot. One nation controlled by the media. Information age of hysteria. Its calling out to idiot America. Welcome to a new kind of tension. All across the alienation. Everything isnt meant to be okay. Television dreams of tomorrow. Were not the ones whore meant to follow. For thats enough to argue. †

J.P. Morgan and Ragtime Essay -- essays research papers

John Pierpont Morgan: The turn of the century in American, when E.L. Doctorow’s novel Ragtime is set, was a time marked by rapid technological developments and industrialization. These years also brought a heavy flood of immigrants as well as an increasingly urban American landscape. Technological advancements enabled increased efficiency and mass production. However, Doctorow clearly brings into question the consequences of this new technology for the average American worker. J.P. Morgan's discussion with Henry Ford about the assembly line’s innovations brings this debate to the front. Doctorow writes, "From these principles Ford established the final proposition of the theory of industrial manufacture - not only that the parts of the finished product be interchangeable, but that the men who build the products be themselves interchangeable parts" (113). Here Doctorow clearly addresses the potential for technology to undermine the value of the individual and his abilities. Banker and industrialist John Pierpont Morgan was one of the world's foremost financial figures in the decades before World War I. He organized railroads and formed the United States Steel Corporation. His wealth and financial management skills were so considerable that he was able to steer the United States Treasury from the brink of disaster. Morgan was born in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1837, and educated at the University of Gottingen in Germany. In 1871, with members of the Drexel family of Philadelphia, he organized the New York banking firm of Drexel, Morgan & Company. It began lending vast sums to railroad builders and industrial corporations in the 1880s and was later reorganized as J.P. Morgan and Company. As noted by Erin Arvedlund, he was a â€Å"natural born financier [and] loved spreading his bank account among dozens of different foreign currencies.† John Pierpont Morgan and his father established a firm that was later to be known as J.P. Morgan & Co. Throughout Ragtime, E.L. Doctorow constantly refers to the economic status of the families and immigrants. J.P. Morgan’s companies and firms were large employers of these immigrants. His achievements in finance and business greatly affected the families in this novel. Money was something that could break a family apart if it was nonexistent. In 1857, John Pierpont Morgan’s father, Junius Morgan, decided to broaden... ...d genius that man possessed† (Lindstrom). John Pierpont Morgan is considered one of the founding fathers of the modern United States economy. Despite conflicting opinion on his persona, his influence and character shaped the business world more so than any other person at the turn of the century. Morgan was â€Å"a banker, railroad czar, industrialist, financier, philanthropist, yachtsman, and ladies' man† (Jones). He was an industrial genius that is accredited with the founding of many companies including General Electric and AT&T. However, Morgan is looked upon as â€Å"a saint and demon the same† (Arvedlund). He received a honorary degree from Harvard university that read: Public citizen, patron of literature and art, prince among merchants, who by his skill, wisdom and courage, has twice in times of stress repelled a national danger of financial panic. Arvedlund, Erin. Unmasking J.P. Morgan. 2000. 9 Apr. 2003 Doctorow, E.L. Ragtime. New York: Plume, 2003. â€Å"John Pierpont Morgan.† Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 2001 Standard. 2003. Jones, Lisa L. A Collector’s Portait: John Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913). 2003. 9 Apr. 2003 Lindstrom, Diane. John Pierpont Morgan. 2003. 9 Apr. 2003 .

Intro to Operating Systems

Intro to Operating Systems Student: Gabriel Guevara Chapter: 5 Exercises Exercise #2 Give at least two â€Å"real life† examples (not related to a computer system environment) of each of these concepts: deadlock, starvation and race. Describe how the deadlocks could be resolved. 2 real life examples of the concept of deadlock: A. In a presidential election 2 candidates reach an electoral deadlock when neither candidate get a majority of the 270 electoral votes required to win the presidency.This is resolved by the House of Representatives, with each state delegation having one vote. Senators would elect the vice-president. B. Diet deadlock occurs when calories are restricted when a human being is dieting , as a consequence the body’s metabolism slows down; The reason is the body is worried about going into starvation mode and is trying to holdown to leftover body fat. The solution to diet deadlock is to: 1. Eat more protein to boost metabolism. 2. Lift weights to increa se muscle mass, the more muscle mass the more calories burned in a 24 hour period (day). . Do more cardio to burn more calories. 2 Real life examples of Starvation: Hypoxia is the name given to oxygen starvation, for example of this condition is when brain tissue is deprived of oxygen-rich-blood, if this condition lingers a range of events could follow such as permanent brain damage or death. The solution is to restore the flow of oxygen-rich-blood to the brain via any surgical procedure that would unlock the deadlock or flow of vital oxygen enriched blood back into the brain.Aviation Fuel starvation occurs when there is a supply problem to the engine for various reasons such as a blocked fuel filter or gradual fuel pump failure. But the most popular problem with fuel starvation is with aircraft with water contaminated fuel being delivered to the engine instead of none-contaminated fuel resulting in fuel starvation within the engine. This is corrected by replacing the fuel filter or fuel pump and testing the fuel for the presence of water prior to use for a flight. 2 Examples of the term race: Exploitative competition is when 2 organisms vie for the same resources.One way for nature to solve this condition is to naturally develop habitat conditions to induce mutualistic bonds between the 2 organisms so that one cannot survive in their natural habitat without the other, therefore perhaps reversing deadlock conditions. Organism competition: Utilization of the same resources by organisms of the same or different species living together in a community resulting in a sort of deadlock competition for said resources. One way to relief this deadlock condition is for one organism to develop a method of eliminating the other by intelligently depriving it from the resource in question.Advance exercise 14 A system that is in an unsafe state is not necessarily deadlock. Explain why this is true? Give an example of such system (in an unsafe state) and describe how all the p rocesses could be completed without causing deadlock to occur. Answer 1: An unsafe state doesn’t suggest a realistic deadlock is presently occurring it appears this term is used to described that a sequence of events have now set favorable condition(s) to suggest a deadlock is highly likely to occur.Answer 2: An example of an unsafe state within a system could be where a system has jobs in its request queue greater than what is available in memory to handle the jobs waiting to be executed, setting ideal conditions for a deadlock. The concept of avoidance suggest that the system can remove one of the deadlock conditions if it knew ahead of time the sequence of a request associated with each of the active processes. There must exist at least one allocation of resources sequence that would allow jobs to continue without becoming deadlocked.